• Hidenori Fujiwara, Masahiro Sakurai, Asako Namai, and Takae Kawamura.
• Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Hospital Organization Sendai Medical Center, 2-8-8 Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8520, Japan.
• Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009 Mar 1;57(3):132-7.

ObjectivePostoperative atrial fibrillation is the most common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This complication is associated with prolongation of the intensive care unit stay and hospitalization time with attendant increased hospitalization costs, and it is an important risk factor for perioperative cerebrovascular accidents. Landiolol is a newly developed ultrashort-acting beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with a half-life of 3 min that is eight times more cardioselective than esmolol. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prophylactic effect of continuous administration of low-dose landiolol on postoperative atrial fibrillation.MethodsWe reviewed all patients who underwent CABG alone at our hospital from April 2002 and September 2006. Patients with a previous history of atrial arrhythmias were excluded. The remaining patients were divided to two groups: landiolol group (n = 20), and control group (n = 35). Administration of landiolol started after cardiopulmonary bypass with a loading dose of 1.5-2.5 mug.kg(t-1).min(-1) and continued for the first 2 days after surgery. The incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was noted. Continuous variables were compared between groups by means of Student's t-test. Categorical variables were compared by means of the chi(2) test or Fisher's exact test.ResultsThe occurrence of atrial fibrillation after CABG in the control group was statistically more than in the landiolol group (P = 0.04). There were no statistical differences between the groups regarding the cardiac index or the dose of inotropic agents during the perioperative period.ConclusionIntraoperative and perioperative administration of low-dose landiolol has a preventive effect on the appearance of atrial fibrillation after CABG surgery.

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