• R A Raschke, B M Reilly, J R Guidry, J R Fontana, and S Srinivas.
• Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona.
• Ann. Intern. Med. 1993 Nov 1;119(9):874-81.

ObjectiveTo determine whether an intravenous heparin dosing nomogram based on body weight achieves therapeutic anticoagulation more rapidly than a "standard care" nomogram.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingTwo community teaching hospitals in Phoenix, Arizona, and Rochester, New York.ParticipantsOne hundred fifteen patients requiring intravenous heparin treatment for venous or arterial thromboembolism or for unstable angina.InterventionPatients were randomized to the weight-based nomogram (starting dose, 80 units/kg body weight bolus, 18 units/kg per hour infusion) or the standard care nomogram (starting dose, 5000-unit bolus, 1000 units per hour infusion). Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) values were monitored every 6 hours, and heparin dose adjustments were determined by the nomograms.MeasurementsActivated partial thromboplastin times were measured using a widely generalizable laboratory method. The primary outcomes were the time to exceed the therapeutic threshold (APTT > 1.5 times the control) and the time to achieve therapeutic range (APTT, 1.5 to 2.3 times the control). Bleeding complications and recurrent thromboembolism were also compared.ResultsKaplan-Meier curves for the primary outcomes favored the weight-based nomogram (P < 0.001 for both). In the weight-based heparin group, 60 of 62 patients (97%) exceeded the therapeutic threshold within 24 hours, compared with 37 of 48 (77%) in the standard care group (P < 0.002). Only one major bleeding complication occurred (in a standard care patient). Recurrent thromboembolism was more frequent in the standard care group; relative risk, 5.0 (95% CI, 1.1 to 21.9).ConclusionsThe weight-based heparin nomogram is widely generalizable and has proved to be effective, safe, and superior to one based on standard practice.

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