• F Frost, F Dailler, and F Duflo.
• Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France.
• Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2010 Jan 1;29(1):19-24.

ObjectiveTo justify the use of ondansetron as a preventive treatment for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) of adults and children in neurosurgery.Study DesignMeta-analysis.Patients And MethodsSix published, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials were selected to study the efficacy of ondansetron on PONV in adults undergoing craniotomy. Similarly, three studies were selected in children. The treated adults received 4 or 8 mg of ondansetron during the peroperative period. As for children, they were given a repeated dose of 0.15 mg/kg of ondansetron. The emetic episodes noted for 24 hours in children and until 48 hours in adults were analyzed. The results were presented as relative risks (RR) following a fixed model and a 95% confidence interval (CI). The test for heterogeneity was measured with the I(2) Altman DG test.ResultsAt 24 hours, among the 308 adults tested, nausea and vomiting were significantly reduced by 22% and 57%, respectively; no significant reduction in vomiting was noted for the 149 children patients. At 48 hours, no significant modification was observed in adults.ConclusionsPeroperative intravenous dose of ondansetron 4 mg in neurosurgery in adults is required to prevent PONV during the first postoperative 24 hours. However, further studies are needed to determine best time and dose infusion to prolong clinical efficacy.Copyright 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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