• T Gürler, N Celik, S Totan, E Songür, and M Sakarya.
• Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey.
• J Craniofac Surg. 1999 Jan 1;10(1):45-8.

AbstractChildren who undergo craniofacial operations are especially at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting. These operations are more complex than the craniotomies for resective procedures. Postoperative vomiting is a common occurrence that can delay recovery and result in cerebrospinal fluid leak and fistula formation in these patients. Ondansetron, a selective serotonergic antagonist, is effective in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting in several high-risk populations. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the authors compared the prophylactic use of intravenous ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg with induction of anesthesia versus a placebo of normal saline 0.3 ml/kg with induction. A second dose was given 8 hours after the first dose. After surgery, episodes of vomiting were recorded separately in 0 to 2 hours, 2 to 6 hours, 6 to 12 hours, 12 to 24 hours, and 24 to 48 hours. Postoperative vomiting is significantly reduced in the ondansetron group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.000258). Ondansetron is effective in the prevention of postoperative vomiting in the pediatric population undergoing craniofacial operations.

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