The Journal of craniofacial surgery
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Craniosynostosis, the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures, may occur in isolation or in association with a syndromic constellation. Multiple-suture synostosis has consistently been associated with brain compression and increased intracranial pressure, and frequently decreased cognitive development. Single-suture craniosynostosis, however, has been thought by some to be an aesthetic problem with infrequent consequences on brain function and development. ⋯ Maximum glucose metabolic rate was increased up to 30.2% with a mean of 9.9%, and average glucose metabolic rates demonstrated a maximum increase of up to 18.8%. The results of this study indicate cerebral glucose metabolism consistently increases in the posterior occipital cortex after surgical release of single-suture craniosynostosis. Future developmental studies are being performed to examine the functional consequences of these metabolic changes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prophylactic use of ondansetron for emesis after craniofacial operations in children.
Children who undergo craniofacial operations are especially at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting. These operations are more complex than the craniotomies for resective procedures. Postoperative vomiting is a common occurrence that can delay recovery and result in cerebrospinal fluid leak and fistula formation in these patients. ⋯ After surgery, episodes of vomiting were recorded separately in 0 to 2 hours, 2 to 6 hours, 6 to 12 hours, 12 to 24 hours, and 24 to 48 hours. Postoperative vomiting is significantly reduced in the ondansetron group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.000258). Ondansetron is effective in the prevention of postoperative vomiting in the pediatric population undergoing craniofacial operations.