• Mayra Xavier E Silva-Senem, Débora Heller, Victor Macedo Varela, Maria Cynesia Barros Torres, Eduardo Jorge Feres-Filho, and Ana Paula Vieira Colombo.
• Division of Graduate Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
• J. Clin. Periodontol. 2013 Mar 1;40(3):242-51.

AimTo compare the 1-year clinical and microbiological outcomes of an enhanced anti-infective therapy with versus without systemic antimicrobials in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP).MethodsIn this 12-month randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 35 individuals assigned to a control (n = 17) or test group (n = 18) received full-mouth supra and subgingival ultrasonic debridement followed by scaling and root planing with chlorhexidine rinsing, brushing, and irrigation. Subjects received either amoxicillin (AMX, 500 mg) + metronidazole (MET, 250 mg) or placebos, TID for 10 days. Subgingival samples were obtained and analysed for their composition by checkerboard. Data were subjected to non-parametric tests.ResultsBoth therapeutic protocols resulted in similar significant clinical improvement for most parameters at 1 year (p < 0.01). The AMX + MET group exhibited shallower residual pockets than the placebo (p = 0.05). Most periodontal pathogens decreased, whereas beneficial bacteria increased in counts in both groups over time (p < 0.0012). High levels of some periodontal and other microbial pathogens were associated with disease persistence regardless treatment.ConclusionsThe enhanced anti-infective mechanical therapy is comparable with its combination with systemic AMX+MET for most clinical parameters and for maintaining low levels of periodontal pathogens for up to 1 year after treatment of GAP.© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

54 keywords...

hide…