• M Shaaban-Ali, M Harmer, R S Vaughan, J A Dunne, and I P Latto.
• Department of Anaesthetics and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Hospital, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
• Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2001 Feb 1;18(2):93-9.

Background And ObjectiveImbalance between cerebral oxygen supply and demand is thought to play an important role in the development of cerebral injury during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.MethodsWe studied jugular bulb oxygen saturation, jugular bulb oxygen tension, arterial-jugular bulb oxygen content difference and oxygen extraction ratio in 20 patients undergoing warm coronary artery bypass surgery (34-37 degrees C) with pH-stat blood gas management.ResultsOnly two patients showed desaturation (jugular bulb oxygen saturation < 50%) at 5 min on bypass, and none from 20 min onwards. Multiple regression models were performed after using bypass temperature, mean arterial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, haemoglobin concentration and arterial carbon dioxide tension as independent variables, and arterial-jugular bulb oxygen content difference, jugular bulb oxygen saturation, oxygen extraction ratio and jugular bulb oxygen tension as individual dependent variables.ConclusionsWe found that jugular bulb oxygen saturation, jugular bulb oxygen tension and oxygen extraction ratio are mainly dependent on arterial carbon dioxide tension, and arterial-jugular bulb oxygen content difference is dependent on arterial carbon dioxide tension and the bypass temperature. Our results suggest jugular bulb oxygenation is mainly dependent on arterial carbon dioxide tension during warm cardiopulmonary bypass.

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