• Chest. 2014 Mar 1;145(3 Suppl):153A.

Session TitleRespiratory InfectionsSESSION TYPE: Slide PresentationsPRESENTED ON: Sunday, March 23, 2014 at 04:15 PM - 05:15 PMPURPOSE: The treatment of XDR-TB is less effective than that of other forms of TB because of the lack of efficacious anti-TB drugs so that the infection is frequently fatal. To investigate the efficacy and safety of linezolid containing chemotherapy in patients with XDR-TB in China.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial in five large-scale Tuberculosis Specialized Hospitals in China. 65 patients were randomly assigned to linezolid therapy group and control group. Patients in two groups were adopted two years of individual-based chemotherapy regimens based on the patient medication history and drug susceptibility test results. Linezolid therapy group was added to linezolid that started at a dose of 1200 mg per day for 4 to 6 weeks, followed by 300 to 600 mg per day for at least 6 months. Sputum conversion rate, cavity closure rate, treatment outcomes and adverse events were compared between two groups.ResultsThe proportion of sputum-culture conversion in the Lzd group was 78.8% by 24 m, significantly higher than that in the control group (37.6%, P < 0.001). The cavity closure rate in the Lzd group was 69.7% by the end 24th month respectively, significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The treatment success rate in Lzd group was 69.7%, significantly higher than that in control group (34.4%, P<0.004), whereas poor treatment outcomes were more common in control group than in the Lzd group (65.6 vs. 30.3%; P=0.004). 27 (81.8%) patients had clinically significant adverse events in the Lzd group, of whom 25 patients (75.8%) had events that were possibly or probably related to linezolid. Most adverse events resolved after reducing the dosage of linezolid or temporarily discontinuing linezolid.ConclusionsLinezolid containing chemotherapy for treatment of XDR-TB may significantly promote cavity closure, accelerate sputum culture conversion and improve treatment success rates. Meanwhile adverse reaction might be tolerated and resolve after suitable intervention.Clinical ImplicationsThis study provides important evidence for the treatment of XDR-TB using Linezoild.DisclosureThe following authors have nothing to disclose: Shenjie Tang, Lan Yao, Xiaohui Hao, Xia Zhang, Gang Liu, Xin Liu, Meiying Wu, Linhai Zeng, Hua Sun, Yidian Liu, Jin Gu, Feishen Lin, Xiafang Wang, Zhanjun ZhangNo Product/Research Disclosure Information.

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