• Patricia Aruj, Clarisa Alvarez, Cristina Aguirre, and Edgardo Sobrino.
• Chest. 2014 Mar 1;145(3 Suppl):630A.

Session TitleTransplantation PostersSESSION TYPE: Poster PresentationsPRESENTED ON: Saturday, March 22, 2014 at 01:15 PM - 02:15 PMPURPOSE: Sirolimus, also known as rapamycin, is an immunosuppressant drug introduced in 1999 as prophylaxis or treatment of acute rejection in transplant recipients with other immunosuppressive drugs. In recent years it has been recognized sirolimus-associated pulmonary toxicity with a wide spectrum of clinical pictures within there have been reports of interstitial pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, and bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia.MethodsWe present four cases of pneumonitis associated with sirolimus in renal transplant recients diagnosed in our institution between 2004 and 2012. All patients had bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and fever in context of immunosuppression with rapamycin has started within the previous 12 months. Two of them also had cough and dyspnoea. None of the patients had leukocytosis, and blood and urine cultures were negative. All received antibiotic treatment with initial improvement and subsequent recurrence of symptoms. All patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage if Bronchoscopy had pathological findings. In three patients transbronchial biopsy was taken (one bronchoscopy cryobiopsy) which showed noncaseating granulomatous inflammation in one case and organizing pneumonia in the other two. All of them improved clinically and radiologically with drug discontinuation.ResultsRapamycin pulmonary toxicity manifests clinically as a nonspecific spectrum of lung disease that retrograde with the discontinuation of drug. The diagnosis is made by excluding other causes of lung injury (infectious, autoimmune or toxic) Factors related to the risk of developing rapamycin associated pneumonitis are age, the delay in switching to sirolimus in patients with signs of rejection and serum creatinine levels. The estimated incidence of interstitial pneumonitis in renal transplant patients treated with rapamycin rates from 5 to 11%.ConclusionsConsensus diagnostic criteria for literature rapamycin pulmonary toxicity include pulmonary infiltrates, exclusion of other causes of lung disease and clinical improvement after of the drug discontinuation.Clinical ImplicationsAs published series all our patients fulfilled the criteria.DisclosureThe following authors have nothing to disclose: Luciana Molinari, Teresita Rosenbaum, Patricia Aruj, Clarisa Alvarez, Cristina Aguirre, Edgardo SobrinoNo Product/Research Disclosure Information.

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