• William I Krief, Deborah A Levine, Shari L Platt, Charles G Macias, Peter S Dayan, Joseph J Zorc, Nancy Feffermann, Nathan Kuppermann, and Multicenter RSV-SBI Study Group of the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics.
• Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Schneider Children's Hospital/Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA. wkrief@NSHS.edu
• Pediatrics. 2009 Jul 1;124(1):30-9.

ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the risk of SBIs in febrile infants with influenza virus infections and compare this risk with that of febrile infants without influenza infections.Patients And MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study during 3 consecutive influenza seasons. All febrile infants or=5 x 10(4) colony-forming units per mL or >or=10(4) colony-forming units per mL in association with a positive urinalysis. Bacteremia, bacterial meningitis, and bacterial enteritis were defined by growth of a known bacterial pathogen. SBI was defined as any of the 4 above-mentioned bacterial infections.ResultsDuring the 3-year study period, 1091 infants were enrolled. A total of 844 (77.4%) infants were tested for the influenza virus, of whom 123 (14.3%) tested positive. SBI status was determined in 809 (95.9%) of the 844 infants. Overall, 95 (11.7%) of the 809 infants tested for influenza virus had an SBI. Infants with influenza infections had a significantly lower prevalence of SBI (2.5%) and UTI (2.4%) when compared with infants who tested negative for the influenza virus. Although there were no cases of bacteremia, meningitis, or enteritis in the influenza-positive group, the differences between the 2 groups for these individual infections were not statistically significant.ConclusionsFebrile infants

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