• J Gómez-Jiménez, A Salgado, M Mourelle, M C Martín, R M Segura, R Peracaula, and S Moncada.
• Critical Care Unit, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain.
• Crit. Care Med. 1995 Feb 1;23(2):253-8.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between nitric oxide production, endotoxemia, and hemodynamic alterations in human septic shock.DesignProspective study.SettingA 32-bed intensive care unit in a university referral hospital.PatientsTwo groups of septic patients with shock (n = 13) or without shock (n = 16) and an additional group of nonseptic patients as control group (n = 25).MeasurementsPlasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations were measured as an index of nitric oxide generation. Nitrite and nitrate concentrations were correlated with plasma endotoxin and hemodynamic variables.Main ResultsIncreased plasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations were found in patients with septic shock (p < .01). Nitrite and nitrate correlated directly with endotoxin concentration (r2 = .21, p < .05) and cardiac output (r2 = .49, p < .05), and inversely with systolic blood pressure (r2 = .24, p < .01).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the activation of the L-arginine:nitric oxide pathway in human endotoxemic septic shock, suggesting that nitric oxide may be an important mediator of the hemodynamic disturbances in this pathophysiologic situation.

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