• Christopher B Min, Zeev N Kain, Robert S Stevenson, Brooke Jenkins, and Michelle A Fortier.
• Department of Pediatric Psychology, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, CA, USA.
• J Clin Anesth. 2016 May 1; 30: 15-20.

Study ObjectiveMidazolam has been found to have beneficial effects on anxiety in children in the preoperative setting. Prior studies have examined various postoperative behaviors of children, but little research has examined the effects of preoperative use of midazolam with postoperative sleep. The purpose of this investigation was to compare postoperative sleep in children as a function of preoperative sedative medication use.DesignThis study was a 2-group randomized controlled trial.SettingParticipants were recruited from Yale-New Haven Children's Hospital.PatientsParticipants included a convenience sample of 70 children between the ages of 3 to 12 years undergoing ambulatory tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.InterventionsChildren were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: a control group who received preoperative acetaminophen only (n = 32) and an experimental group who received both acetaminophen and midazolam preoperatively (n = 38).MeasurementsParents completed measures of postoperative behavioral recovery and a subset of children wore actigraphs to examine objective sleep data.Main ResultsChildren who received midazolam experienced similar sleep changes compared to children in the control group. The actigraph data revealed that children who received midazolam were awake significantly less during the night compared to the control group (P= .01).ConclusionChildren who received midazolam before surgery had similar postoperative sleep changes compared to children who did not receive midazolam. Further understanding of the postoperative behavioral effects of midazolam on children will help guide healthcare providers in their practice.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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