• R C Prielipp, J S Kelly, and R C Roy.
• Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, USA.
• J Clin Anesth. 1995 Aug 1; 7 (5): 367-72.

Study ObjectiveTo ascertain current anesthesia utilization of esophageal and precordial stethoscopes in U.S. anesthesia training programs.DesignProspective, single-blind, incidence study.SettingOperating rooms of three tertiary care hospitals with major academic anesthesiology departments.SubjectsAnesthesia faculty [MD and certified registered nurse-anesthetist (CRNA) staff] and anesthesia trainees (anesthesiology residents and student nurse-anesthetists).Interventionsobserve and record the placement (stethoscope device appropriately positioned) and utilization (stethoscope in place and connected to the ear piece of the anesthesia provider) of the esophageal or precordial stethoscope during general, regional, and monitored anesthesia care.Measurements And Main ResultsDuring 520 anesthetics, an esophageal stethoscope was inserted in 68% of subjects, a precordial stethoscope was positioned in 16%, and an anesthetic stethoscope was absent in 16% of cases. Utilization (stethoscope connected to earpiece) ranged from a low of 11% of cases to a high of 45%, depending on the institution. Overall, providers were listening via an anesthetic stethoscope in only 28% of anesthetics.ConclusionsOur data suggest infrequent utilization of esophageal and precordial stethoscopes in anesthesia training institutions. Thus, current anesthesia training may be fostering an environment where providers overlook a valuable minimally invasive, and cost-effective continuous monitor of patients' dynamic vital organ function.

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