• Juan Pablo Domecq, Gabriela Prutsky, Aaron Leppin, M Bassam Sonbol, Osama Altayar, Chaitanya Undavalli, Zhen Wang, Tarig Elraiyah, Juan Pablo Brito, Karen F Mauck, Mohammed H Lababidi, Larry J Prokop, Noor Asi, Justin Wei, Salman Fidahussein, Victor M Montori, and Mohammad Hassan Murad.
• Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit (J.P.D., G.P., A.L., M.B.S., O.A., C.U., Z.W., T.E., J.P.B., K.F.M., M.H.L., N.A., J.W., S.F., V.M.M., M.H.M.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905; Unidad de Conocimiento y Evidencia (J.P.D., G.P., V.M.M.), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 31, Peru; and Division of Preventive, Occupational, and Aerospace Medicine (N,A., M.H.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition (J.P.B., V.M.M.), Division of General Internal Medicine (K.F.M.), and Mayo Clinic Libraries (L.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
• J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2015 Feb 1;100(2):363-70.

ContextVarious drugs affect body weight as a side effect.ObjectiveWe conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence about commonly prescribed drugs and their association with weight change.Data SourcesMEDLINE, DARE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to identify published systematic reviews as a source for trials.Study SelectionWe included randomized trials that compared an a priori selected list of drugs to placebo and measured weight change.Data ExtractionWe extracted data in duplicate and assessed the methodological quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.ResultsWe included 257 randomized trials (54 different drugs; 84 696 patients enrolled). Weight gain was associated with the use of amitriptyline (1.8 kg), mirtazapine (1.5 kg), olanzapine (2.4 kg), quetiapine (1.1 kg), risperidone (0.8 kg), gabapentin (2.2 kg), tolbutamide (2.8 kg), pioglitazone (2.6 kg), glimepiride (2.1 kg), gliclazide (1.8 kg), glyburide (2.6 kg), glipizide (2.2 kg), sitagliptin (0.55 kg), and nateglinide (0.3 kg). Weight loss was associated with the use of metformin (1.1 kg), acarbose (0.4 kg), miglitol (0.7 kg), pramlintide (2.3 kg), liraglutide (1.7 kg), exenatide (1.2 kg), zonisamide (7.7 kg), topiramate (3.8 kg), bupropion (1.3 kg), and fluoxetine (1.3 kg). For many other remaining drugs (including antihypertensives and antihistamines), the weight change was either statistically nonsignificant or supported by very low-quality evidence.ConclusionsSeveral drugs are associated with weight change of varying magnitude. Data are provided to guide the choice of drug when several options exist and institute preemptive weight loss strategies when obesogenic drugs are prescribed.

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