• Jillon S Vander Wal, Michael I McBurney, Nancy Moellering, Jorene Marth, and Nikhil V Dhurandhar.
• Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University. St Louis, MO, USA.
• Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2007 Jun 1;58(4):321-9.

ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of a low-carbohydrate high-fat versus a moderate-carbohydrate low-fat diet for weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction.MethodsIn a prospective clinical trial, 137 participants (body mass index >or=25 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to Control (46 randomized, 44 completed), Low Carbohydrate (45 randomized, 42 completed), or Moderate Carbohydrate (46 randomized, 40 completed) groups. Outcomes included measures of body size and composition and blood chemistries.ResultsBoth the Low and Moderate Carbohydrate groups lost significantly more weight as well as inches from their waists and thighs than the Control group, while the Low Carbohydrate group lost a greater percentage of body fat. Although the Moderate Carbohydrate group showed significant reductions in serum cholesterol, the Low Carbohydrate group showed the greatest improvements in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and very-low-density lipoprotein.ConclusionsModerate approaches to weight loss such as a moderate-carbohydrate low-fat diet may be prudent.

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