• Christina Brei, Annette Simon, Michael B Krawinkel, and Lutz Naehrlich.
• Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
• Clin Nutr. 2013 Oct 1;32(5):805-10.

Background & AimsTo determine the vitamin A status and appropriate supplementation dosage of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients who received vitamin A supplementation based on annual serum retinol measurements.MethodsVitamin A food intake, supplementation dosage, and serum retinol levels were obtained for 32 CF patients >4 years of age (4.3-27.3 years old) who had pancreatic insufficiency and mild-to-moderate lung disease (percent predicted of forced expiratory volume in 1 s > 40%). These measurements were compared with the dietary reference intake for healthy children and adults (D-A-CH dietary recommendations), US and German CF recommendations, and serum retinol concentrations from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.ResultsTotal vitamin A intake from food and supplementation was 315% ± 182% of D-A-CH recommendations, with 65% from supplements. The range of the prescribed vitamin A supplementation dosage was 0-20,000 IU/day (median 5500 IU), and it was consistent with CF recommendations in 28% of participants. A quarter of all patients did not need any vitamin A supplementation. The total vitamin A intake exceeded the recommended upper limit of intake in 69% of subjects. The mean (range) serum retinol was 38.6 μg/dl (22.1-59.1 μg/dl). All subjects had serum retinol levels above 20 μg/dl and below 72 μg/dl (95th percentile of NHANES reference range).ConclusionIndividualized vitamin A supplementation of 0-20,000 IU/day based on annual serum retinol measurements may prevent deficiency and high serum retinol levels, but it may lead to vitamin A intake above the tolerable upper intake level.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.

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