• H Rozé, A Germain, V Perrier, A Dewitte, O Joannes-Boyau, C Fleureau, and A Ouattara.
• CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation II, Unité de Réanimation polyvalente de la Maison du Haut-Lévêque, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, Avenue Magellan, F-33600 Pessac, France University of Bordeaux, Adaptation cardiovasculaire à l'ischémie, U1034, F-33600 Pessac, France INSERM, Adaptation cardiovasculaire à l'ischémie, U1034, F-33600 Pessac, France hadrien.roze@chu-bordeaux.fr.
• Br J Anaesth. 2015 Feb 1; 114 (2): 269-75.

BackgroundDiaphragm electrical activation (EAdi) and the ratio of tidal volume to EAdi (VT/EAdi) may provide clinical information on neuroventilatory efficiency (NVE) in patients being weaned from mechanical ventilation. We tested the hypothesis that residual sedation could interfere with respiratory recovery, by assessing the effects of flumazenil on EAdi and VT/EAdi ratio.MethodsThis observational study included 13 patients breathing with pressure-support ventilation (PSV) after a long period of controlled mechanical ventilation (i.e. >4 days) plus midazolam-based sedation for acute respiratory distress syndrome. EAdi and respiratory patterns were compared before and after a bolus of flumazenil, which was given because neurological status needed to be evaluated.ResultsFlumazenil induced a significant increase in EAdi [+71 (41-123)%, P=0.0002] and VT [+17 (8-32)%, P=0.0005], resulting in significantly decreased NVE [-34 (15-43)%]. The increased VT was significantly correlated with the increased EAdi (ρ=0.70, P=0.009).ConclusionsDuring weaning from mechanical ventilation, the diaphragmatic contribution to the breathing process may be reduced by residual midazolam-induced ventilatory depression. The increased EAdi with reversal of residual sedation was associated with a proportional increase in VT. These findings should be considered by the attending physician when interpreting daily EAdi and VT changes during weaning from mechanical ventilation.© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Journal of Anaesthesia. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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