• Jiaxiang Zhang, Kaizhi Weng, Xuqiao Mei, Baozhong Zhang, Yuanhai Zheng, Zhuanye Ke, and Ayang Wu.
• Department of Pediatrics, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China.
• Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Jul 1; 29 (7): 748-50.

ObjectiveTo detect the quantity of peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in children with bronchiolitis infected by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and analyze the correlation with the severity of the disease.MethodsPCR was used to detect RSV in nasopharyngeal secretions. Flow cytometry was performed on the peripheral blood to detect the quantity of mDCs and pDCs in 71 children with bronchiolitis by RSV infection (including mild, moderate and severe infection) and 48 healthy control infants.ResultsThe quantity of peripheral blood mDCs in the children with bronchiolitis by RSV infection was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (P<0.01), while the number of pDCs was significantly lower than that of healthy controls (P<0.01). The children with severe bronchiolitis by RSV infection had significantly lower quantity of peripheral blood mDCs and pDCs as compared with the mild group (P<0.05).ConclusionThe number of mDCs in peripheral blood of the children with RSV bronchiolitis significantly increased at the early stage, and in contrast pDCs were reduced. The increased number of mDCs indicates that the clinical manifestations are slighter, and the decreased number of pDCs suggests more wheezing of the children.

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