• M A Louter, K J Wardenaar, G Veen, W P J van Oosterhout, F G Zitman, M D Ferrari, and G M Terwindt.
• Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, the Netherlands.
• Cephalalgia. 2014 Dec 1; 34 (14): 1187-92.

IntroductionThere is a strong association between migraine and depression. The aim of this study is to identify migraine-specific factors involved in this association.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in a large, well-defined cohort of migraine patients (n=2533). We assessed lifetime depression using validated questionnaires, and diagnosed migraine based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders III-beta criteria. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted.ResultsOf the 2533 migraineurs that were eligible, 1137 (45%) suffered from lifetime depression. The following independent factors were associated with an increased depression prevalence: i) migraine-specific risk factors: high migraine attack frequency and the presence of allodynia, ii) general factors: being a bad sleeper, female gender, high BMI, being single, smoking, and a low alcohol consumption.ConclusionThis study identified allodynia, in addition to high migraine attack frequency, as a new migraine-specific factor associated with depression.© International Headache Society 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

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