• G Rocha, F Flôr-de-Lima, E Proença, C Carvalho, C Quintas, T Martins, A Freitas, C Paz-Dias, A Silva, and H Guimarães.
• Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal. gusrocha@oninet.pt
• J Perinatol. 2013 Apr 1; 33 (4): 297-301.

ObjectiveTo identify variables associated with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ENCPAP) failure in preterm neonates less than 30 weeks gestational age.Study DesignMulticenter prospective study including 131 preterm newborns, over a period of 2 years. Patients and respiratory variables were assessed using univariate analysis.ResultVariables associated with ENCPAP failure were: the need of resuscitation with a FiO(2)>0.30; a CPAP pressure of 6.4±1.2 cm H(2)O; the need of a FiO(2) of 0.40 in the first 4 h of life; male gender maintaining the need of a FiO(2)>0.25 in the first 4 h of life; and respiratory distress syndrome with criteria for surfactant administration.ConclusionThe need for oxygen in resuscitation and maintained in first hours of life, male gender, a CPAP pressure over 5 cm H(2)O and surfactant need are predictors of ENCPAP failure in preterm neonates 26 to 30 weeks gestational age.

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