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- G L Carroll.
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
- Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. 1999 May 1; 29 (3): 701-17, vi.
AbstractThere has been a substantial increase in the use of analgesics for pain management in the last 10 years. Traditionally, veterinarians have not been trained in the identification of or monitoring of patients that are in pain, even though an evaluation of pain is inherent in assessing improvement in many medical and surgical diseases. Until recently, the physiology and pharmacology of opioids, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, and alpha 2 agonists were taught, but the therapeutic role of these drugs was generally believed to be related to restraint, anesthesia, or control of inflammation rather than to pain management.
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