• Fei Chen, Harendra Arora, Susan M Martinelli, Emily Teeter, David Mayer, David A Zvara, Anthony Passannante, and Kathleen A Smith.
• Department of Anesthesiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N2198, CB7010, UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7010, United States. Electronic address: fchen@aims.unc.edu.
• J Clin Anesth. 2017 Jun 1; 39: 139-144.

Study ObjectiveSelecting candidates for residency positions is challenging and there is little research on the correlation between commonly used selection criteria and subsequent performance in anesthesiology. This study examined the association between the selection measures and post-recruitment performance in residency.DesignRetrospective review of archival data.SettingAnesthesiology residency program at a large academic anesthesiology department.SubjectsResidents who were matched to the anesthesiology program over 9years (graduation classes of 2006 to 2014).InterventionsNone.MeasurementsThe pre-recruitment achievements included a comprehensive list of measures obtained from residents' application portfolios in conjunction with interview performance. The post-recruitment examination outcomes consisted of the in-training examination (ITE) scores in the three clinical anesthesia (CA) years and first-attempt success on the written board certification examination administered by the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA). Scholarly output during residency was measured by publication record. Clinical performance at the conclusion of residency was independently rated by three faculty members. Bivariate analysis and regression models were conducted to examine association between predictors and outcomes.Main ResultsHigh United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) scores, class rank in medical school and interview performance were predictive of high examination scores in residency and good clinical performance. Class rank appeared to be the best predictor of scholarly publication and pursuing an academic career beyond residency.ConclusionsComparative performance with classmates (i.e., class rank) in medical school appeared to be an effective predictor of overall performance in residency, which warrants more attention in future study. Although interview performance is subject to recruitment team members' interpretation, it is an important measure to include in recruitment decisions.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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