• Angélica Begatti Victorino, Fernando Tadeu Serra, Pâmella Pimentel Piñero, Alexandre Aparecido de Almeida, Glauber Menezes Lopim, Matias Junior Ivair I Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Helio Rubens Machado, Roberto Lent, Francisco Romero Cabral, Fernando Gomez-Pinilla, Ricardo Mario Arida, and Gomes da Silva Sérgio S Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes (UMC), Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic a.
• Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
• Neuroscience. 2017 Oct 11; 361: 108-115.

AbstractBetter cognitive performance and greater cortical and hippocampal volume have been observed in individuals who undertook aerobic exercise during childhood and adolescence. One possible explanation for these beneficial effects is that juvenile physical exercise enables better neural development and hence more cells and neuronal circuitries. It is probable that such effects occur through intracellular signaling proteins associated with cell growth, proliferation and survival. Based on this information, we evaluated the number of neuronal and non-neuronal cells using isotropic fractionation and the expression and activation of intracellular proteins (ERK, CREB, Akt, mTOR and p70S6K) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal formation of the rats submitted to a physical exercise program on a treadmill during adolescence. Results showed that physical exercise increases the number of neuronal and non-neuronal cortical cells and hippocampal neuronal cells in adolescent rats. Moreover, mTOR overexpression was found in the cortical region of exercised adolescent rats. These findings indicate a significant cellular proliferative effect of aerobic exercise on the cerebral cortex in postnatal development.Copyright © 2017 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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