• Hui-Bin Huang, Jin-Min Peng, Li Weng, Guang-Yun Liu, and Bin Du.
• Medical ICU, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital ... more of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. less
• J Crit Care. 2018 Feb 1; 43: 300-305.

PurposeAcute respiratory failure remains a common hazardous complication in immunocompromised patients and is associated with increased mortality rates when endotracheal intubation is need. We aimed to evaluate the effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) compared with other oxygen technique for this patient population.MethodsWe searched Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed databases before Aug. 15, 2017 for eligible articles. A meta-analysis was performed for measuring short-term mortality (defined as ICU, hospital or 28-days mortality) and intubation rate as the primary outcomes, and length of stay in ICU as the secondary outcome.ResultsWe included seven studies involving 667 patients. Use of HFNC was significantly association with a reduction in short-term mortality (RR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.84, p=0.0007) and intubation rate (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.90; p=0.002). In addition, HFNC did not significant increase length of stay in ICU (MD 0.15days; 95% CI, -2.08 to 2.39; p=0.89).ConclusionsThe results of current meta-analysis suggest that use of HFNC significantly improve outcomes of acute respiratory failure in immunocompromised patients. Owing to the quality of the included studies, further adequately powered randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm our results.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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