• Birsen Donmez, Linda Ng Boyle, and John D Lee.
• Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52245, USA.
• Hum Factors. 2006 Jan 1; 48 (4): 785-804.

ObjectivesAn experiment was conducted to assess the effects of distraction mitigation strategies on drivers' performance and productivity while engaged in an in-vehicle information system task.BackgroundPrevious studies show that in-vehicle tasks undermine driver safety and there is a need to mitigate driver distraction.MethodAn advising strategy that alerts drivers to potential dangers and a locking strategy that prevents the driver from continuing the distracting task were presented to 16 middle-aged and 12 older drivers in a driving simulator in two modes (auditory, visual) and two road conditions (curves, braking events).ResultsDistraction was a problem for both age groups. Visual distractions were more detrimental than auditory ones for curve negotiation, as depicted by more erratic steering, F (6, 155) = 26.76, p < .05. Drivers did brake more abruptly under auditory distractions, but this effect was mitigated by both the advising, t (155) = 8.37, p < .05, and locking strategies, t (155) = 8.49, p < .05. The locking strategy also resulted in longer minimum time to collision for middle-aged drivers engaged in visual distractions, F (6, 138) = 2.43, p < .05.ConclusionsAdaptive interfaces can reduce abrupt braking on curve entries resulting from auditory distractions and can also improve the braking response for distracted drivers.ApplicationThese strategies can be incorporated into existing in-vehicle systems, thus mitigating the effects of distraction and improving driver performance.

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