• Rui Zhao, Xinxin Zhang, Yuanqiang Zhu, Ningbo Fei, Jinbo Sun, Peng Liu, Xuejuan Yang, and Wei Qin.
• Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
• Neuroscience. 2019 Feb 1; 398: 37-54.

AbstractPrevious studies have revealed that sleep deprivation (SD) alters hippocampal functional connectivity (FC). However, the effects of SD on the FC of hippocampal subregions are still unknown. In this study, we used a masked independent component analysis (mICA) to partition the hippocampus into several small regions and investigated the changes in the FC of each small region within the whole brain after 24 h of SD in 40 normal young subjects. First, we determined the optimal number of hippocampal subregions in a data-driven manner using a reproducibility analysis and chose 17 as the optimal number of hippocampal subregions. Second, we compared the FC of each subregion between rested wakefulness and SD states using mCIA. Reduced FC was found between the left junction of anterior and anterolateral hippocampal region and the default mode network and bilateral thalamus after SD (p < 0.05/17, Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement correction, Bonferroni's corrected for the number of subregions). The FC between the left posterior of the anterolateral and the left lateral posterior of the anterior hippocampal regions and somatomotor network changed more negative after SD. However, increased FC was identified between the left middle hippocampal region and vision-related regions after SD. Our results reflect differential effects of SD on the FC in specific hippocampal regions and provide new insights into the impact of SD on the resting-state functional organization in the human brain.Copyright © 2018 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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