• Jaakko M Piitulainen, Jussi P Posti, Pekka K Vallittu, Kalle M Aitasalo, and Willy Serlo.
• Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery and Cancer Diseases, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. Electronic address: jaakko.piitulainen@utu.fi.
• World Neurosurg. 2019 Apr 1; 124: 282286282-286.

BackgroundThis original report describes the outcome of a cranioplasty at long-term follow-up. A large calvarial bone defect of a child was reconstructed with a bioactive and biostable nonmetallic implant.Case DescriptionIn a child with infantile fibrosarcoma of occipital bone, the malignancy was removed at 2.5 years of age, and the defect site was reconstructed with an onlay glass fiber-reinforced composite-bioactive glass implant. The follow-up examination at 5 years 7 months showed no signs of tumor recurrence. During the follow-up period, the contour of the reconstructed area followed skull anatomic development. Computed tomography demonstrated considerably large areas (approximately 70% of the total area) of bone ongrowth to the peridural surface of the implant.ConclusionsIn the future, a synthetic cranioplasty material that is able to integrate with cranial bone may be considered superior to cryopreserved bone grafts in younger age groups.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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