• Lana M Agraib, Mohammed Azab, Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat, Sabika S Allehdan, Nitin Shivappa, James R Hebert, and Reema Tayyem.
• Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
• Nutrition. 2019 Jul 1; 63-64: 98-105.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the association between inflammatory potential diet as determined by dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a population-based, case-control study of middle-aged Jordanian adults.MethodsIn the present study, 388 patients who were referred for elective coronary angiography at Prince Hamza Hospital, Amman, were enrolled. Of these, 198 were confirmed CAD cases and 190 were CAD-free control participants. DII scores were computed from dietary intake assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsCAD cases had significantly higher DII scores, higher body mass index (BMI), higher prevalence of diabetes, lower educational attainment, and lower physical activity than the CAD-free controls. A statistically significant higher risk for CAD was observed in those with DII scores in the highest tertile than in those in the lowest (ORtertile3vs1, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.18-3.66), after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. A positive association was found between higher DII and CAD risk when DII score was used as a continuous variable (ORcontinuous, 1.13 per unit increase in DII corresponding to ∼11% of its range in the current study; 95% CI, 1.00-1.32).ConclusionsThe present findings, obtained in this ordanian population, add to the growing literature indicating that a proinflammatory diet is associated with higher risk for developing CAD.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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