• Emmanuelle Courtiol, Nathalie Buonviso, and Philippe Litaudon.
• Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, "Olfaction: from coding to memory" Team; CNRS UMR5292 - Inserm U1028 - Université Lyon 1-Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier - Bâtiment 462 - Neurocampus, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France.
• Neuroscience. 2019 Jun 15; 409: 26-34.

AbstractOscillatory activity is a prominent characteristic of the olfactory system. We previously demonstrated that beta and gamma oscillations occurrence in the olfactory bulb (OB) is modulated by the physical properties of the odorant. However, it remains unknown whether such odor-related modulation of oscillatory patterns is maintained in the piriform cortex (PC) and whether those patterns are similar between the anterior PC (aPC) and posterior PC (pPC). The present study was designed to analyze how different odorant molecular features can affect the local field potential (LFP) oscillatory signals in both the aPC and the pPC in anesthetized rats. As reported in the OB, three oscillatory patterns were observed: standard pattern (gamma + beta), gamma-only and beta-only patterns. These patterns occurred with significantly different probabilities in the two PC areas. We observed that odor identity has a strong influence on the probability of occurrence of LFP beta and gamma oscillatory activity in the aPC. Thus, some odor coding mechanisms observed in the OB are retained in the aPC. By contrast, probability of occurrence of different oscillatory patterns is homogeneous in the pPC with beta-only pattern being the most prevalent one for all the different odor families. Overall, our results confirmed the functional heterogeneity of the PC with its anterior part tightly coupled with the OB and mainly encoding odorant features whereas its posterior part activity is not correlated with odorant features but probably more involved in associative and multi-sensory encoding functions.Copyright © 2019 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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