• Matthew J Barkovich, Yi Li, Rahul S Desikan, A James Barkovich, and Duan Xu.
• Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of California, San Francisco 505 Parnassus Avenue, Room L352, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States. Electronic address: matthew.barkovich@ucsf.edu.
• Neuroimage. 2019 Jan 15; 185: 793-801.

AbstractPediatric neuroimaging is challenging due the rapid structural, metabolic, and functional changes that occur in the developing brain. A specially trained team is needed to produce high quality diagnostic images in children, due to their small physical size and immaturity. Patient motion, cooperation and medical condition dictate the methods and equipment used. A customized approach tailored to each child's age and functional status with the appropriate combination of dedicated staff, imaging hardware, and software is key; these range from low-tech techniques, such as feed and swaddle, to specialized small bore MRI scanners, MRI compatible incubators and neonatal head coils. New pre-and post-processing techniques can also compensate for the motion artifacts and low signal that often degrade neonatal scans.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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