• Shenghui Tang, Wangjun Fu, Hongda Zhang, Haonan Zhang, and Biru Liang.
• Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
• World Neurosurg. 2019 Dec 1; 132: e739-e745.

ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare clinical outcomes and cement leakage of high-viscosity bone cement versus low-viscosity bone cement vertebroplasty in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with intravertebral cleft.MethodsThe study included 72 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with intravertebral cleft, who were divided into high-viscosity cement (HVC) (38 cases) and low-viscosity cement (LVC) (34 cases) groups according to the viscosity of bone cement used. Cement leakage, visual analog scale score, Oswestry Disability Index, and kyphotic angle (KA) were evaluated.ResultsAll patients were followed for at least 12 months. Overall cement leakage rate was 18.4% in the HVC group, lower than the rate of 61.8% obtained in the LVC group. A statistically significant difference was found in the overall cement leakage rate between the groups (P < 0.05). Visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores were significantly improved after percutaneous vertebroplasty without significant differences between the HVC and LVC groups (P > 0.05). The KA of patients from both groups was also significantly corrected immediately after surgery. Although the KA gradually increased in both groups during the follow-up period, there was no statistically significant difference between the HVC and LVC groups in KA during follow-up (P > 0.05).ConclusionsPercutaneous vertebroplasty using HVC to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with intravertebral cleft significantly reduces cement leakage and improves the safety of the operation. In terms of clinical efficacy and prevention of augmented vertebral recollapse, HVC may not have obvious advantages.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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