• Roland Jabre, Anne-Laure Bernat, Roxane Peres, and Sébastien Froelich.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, Île-de-France, France; Department of Neurosurgery, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: roland.jabre@umontreal.ca.
• World Neurosurg. 2019 Dec 1; 132: 29-32.

BackgroundThe use of nonadhesive liquid embolic agents (NALEAs) has gained great popularity in the treatment of brain vascular malformations, with a lower rate of local complications than surgery. However, we describe the formation of brain abscesses after endovascular treatment of a brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) and how important removal of the NALEAs was in the treatment of these abscesses.Case DescriptionA 68-year-old man presented with seizures after being treated for an unruptured bAVM using Squid (Emboflu), an NALEA. Radiologic imaging revealed brain lesions suspicious of abscesses around the previously treated bAVM. A surgical excision of the bAVM and the embolized material was performed as was drainage of the brain abscesses. Bacterial cultures were positive for Enterococcus faecalis, and the patient left the hospital with an appropriate antibiotic regimen without new deficits.ConclusionsThis is the first reported case of a bAVM treated with Squid complicated with brain abscesses, a rare but very serious complication. This complication should be treated not only using antibiotherapy but with complete safe removal of the embolic material.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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