• Pain Med · Oct 2020

    Prescription Opioid Misuse Motives in US Older Adults.

    • Ty S Schepis, Linda Wastila, Beth Ammerman, Vita V McCabe, and Sean Esteban McCabe.
    • Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas.
    • Pain Med. 2020 Oct 1; 21 (10): 2237-2243.

    ObjectivesTo evaluate age-based differences in prescription opioid misuse (POM) motives and to evaluate substance use and mental and physical health correlates of POM motive categories in older adults.DesignData were from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), a nationally representative US survey.SettingThe NSDUH is a household survey.SubjectsA total of 5,826 US residents with past-year POM; 415 were 50 years and older (7.1%).MethodsNine POM motives were assessed among those engaged in past-year POM, grouped into three categories: solely physical pain relief, solely non-pain relief, or mixed motives. Prevalence of POM motives were calculated by age group, with logistic models examining age-based differences. Finally, odds of substance use and mental and physical health correlates by motive category were calculated via logistic models in older adults.ResultsPOM motivated solely by physical pain relief increased from 35.1% in young adults to 65.4% in older adults; in older adults, 84.7% of POM episodes involved pain relief as a motive. POM for solely non-pain relief or mixed motives was associated with greater odds, vs pain relief only, of past-year benzodiazepine misuse (odds ratio [OR] = 4.43 and 6.15, respectively), any substance use disorder (OR = 5.57 and 5.60, respectively), and suicidal ideation (OR = 4.05 and 3.56, respectively) in older adults.Conclusions. POM motives change over the lifespan, with increasing POM for pain relief with aging. Comprehensive nonopioid pain management is needed for those engaged in POM for pain relief, and substance use and mental health treatment are needed for those with non-pain relief motives.© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Pain Medicine.All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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