• Maria D Arulraja, Morgan B Swanson, and Nicholas M Mohr.
• University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, 1008 RCP, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States of America.
• J Crit Care. 2020 Apr 1; 56: 49-57.

PurposeSepsis is a leading cause of hospital deaths. Inter-hospital transfer is frequent in sepsis and is associated with increased mortality. Some sepsis patients undergo two inter-hospital transfers (double transfer). This study assessed the (1) prevalence, (2) associated risk factors, (3) associated mortality, and (4) hospital length-of-stay and costs of double-transfer of sepsis patients.Materials And MethodsRetrospective cohort study using 2005-2014 administrative claims data in Iowa. Multivariable generalized estimating equations adjusted for potential confounding variables, with a primary outcome of mortality. Secondary outcomes included hospital length-of-stay and costs. Hospital-specific cost-to-charge ratios estimated hospital costs. Hospitals were categorized into quintiles based on sepsis-volume.ResultsOf 15,182 sepsis subjects, there were 45.2% non-transfers and 2.1% double-transfers. Double-transfers had worse mortality than non-transfers but not single-transfers. Of the non-transfers, 44.9% presented to a top sepsis-volume hospital compared to 22.8% of double-transfers and 25.1% of single-transfers. After transfer from first to second hospital, 93.4% of the single-transfers and 92.2% of the double-transfers were at a top sepsis-volume hospital. Double-transfers had longer length-of-stay and more in total hospital costs than single-transfers.ConclusionsDouble-transfer occurs in 2.1% of Iowa sepsis patients. Double-transfers had similar mortality and increased length of stay and costs compared to single-transfers.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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