• Duffy James M N JMN Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: james.duffy@balliol.ox.ac.uk., Sue Ziebland, Peter von Dadelszen, and Richard J McManus.
• Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: james.duffy@balliol.ox.ac.uk.
• Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2019 Jan 1; 220 (1): 71.e1-71.e4.

AbstractClinical research should ultimately improve patient care. To enable this, randomized controlled trials must select, collect, and report outcomes that are both relevant to clinical practice and genuinely reflect the perspectives of key stakeholders including health care professionals, researchers, and patients. Unfortunately, many randomized controlled trials fall short of this requirement. Complex issues, including a failure to take into account the perspectives of key stakeholders when selecting outcomes, variations in outcome definitions and measurement instruments, and outcome reporting bias make research evidence difficult to interpret, undermining the translation of research into clinical practice. Problems with poor outcome selection, measurement, and reporting can be addressed by developing, disseminating, and implementing core outcome sets. A core outcome set represents a minimum data set of outcomes developed using robust consensus science methods engaging diverse stakeholders including health care professionals, researchers, and patients. Core outcomes should be routinely utilized by researchers, collected in a standardized manner, and reported consistently in the final publication. They are currently being developed across our specialty including infertility, endometriosis, and preeclampsia. Recognizing poorly selected, collected, and reported outcomes as serious hindrances to progress in our specialty, more than 80 journals including the Journal, have come together to support the Core Outcomes in Women's and Newborn Health (CROWN) initiative. The consortium supports researchers to develop, disseminate, and implement core outcome sets. Implementing core outcome sets could make a profound contribution to addressing poorly selected, collected, and reported outcomes. Implementation should ensure future randomized controlled trials hold the necessary reach and relevance to inform clinical practice, enhance patient care, and improve patient outcomes.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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