• Ferdinand C Wagner, Mirjam V Neumann, Steffen Wolf, Alexander Jonaszik, Kaywan Izadpanah, Stefan Piatek, and Norbert P Südkamp.
• Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany; G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: ferdinand.wagner@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
• Injury. 2020 Jun 1; 51 (6): 1281-1287.

PurposeTo date, surgically treated multifragmentary patellar fractures are still associated with high rates of complications, such as i.e. secondary fracture displacement. Osteosynthesis is most frequently performed with screws and cerclages. To increase primary stability, locking plates have been introduced. However, there is still a lack of biomechanical data supporting the superiority of plate fixation compared to screw fixation with cerclages in these cases. The goal of the present study was to conduct biomechanical comparison of these two techniques under dynamic loading conditions.MethodsA standardized 34-C3 fracture was created in eight pairs of human cadaveric knee joints. Following a randomization protocol, they were fixed with a 3.5 mm anterior locking plate (LP) or cannulated screws with anterior tension band wiring (hybrid osteosynthesis, HO).Subsequently, all constructs were tested for 100 cycles from 90° of knee-flexion to full extension by applying a pulling force to the quadriceps tendon. Outcome parameters were fracture displacement after one cycle, after 100 cycles and implant loosening. Failure was defined as fracture displacement > 2 mm.ResultsBiomechanical testing showed significantly less fracture displacement following LP compared to HO both after the first (p = 0.042) and after 100 cycles (p = 0.025). The difference in loosening was significant as well (p = 0.017). Following HO, 5/8 constructs failed during cyclic loading. There was no failure in the LP group. In the HO group, loosening correlated with bone mineral density (R = - 0.857) which was not observed in the LP group (R = - 0.429).ConclusionAnterior locking plate osteosynthesis of comminuted patellar fractures biomechanically provides better primary stability compared to cannulated screws with anterior tension band wiring.Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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