• Chung-Hsing Chou, Jiunn-Tay Lee, Chia-Kuang Tsai, Li-Ming Lien, Jiu-Haw Yin, Chun-Chieh Lin, I-Ju Tsai, Yueh-Feng Sung, Fu-Chi Yang, Chia-Lin Tsai, I-Kuan Wang, Chun-Hung Tseng, and Chung-Y Hsu.
• Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China.
• Postgrad Med J. 2019 Jun 1; 95 (1124): 307-313.

BackgroundGrowing evidence shows links between septicaemia and non-multiple sclerosis demyelinating syndromes (NMSDS); nevertheless, epidemiological data are still very limited. This study aimed to explore the relationship between septicaemia and NMSDS in a general population.MethodsThe study included 482 781 individuals diagnosed with septicaemia and 1 892 825 age/sex-matched non-septicaemia patients for the comparison. Data were drawn from a population-based nationwide National Health Insurance Research Database Taiwan, from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2011. The two cohorts of patients with and without septicaemia were followed up for the occurrence of NMSDS. The Cox-proportional hazard regression model was performed to estimate adjusted HR after multivariate adjustment.ResultsIndividuals with septicaemia had a 4.17-fold (95% CI 3.21 to 5.4, p < 0.001) higher risk to develop NMSDS compared with those without septicaemia. Patients aged <65 years had a greater NMSDS risk (<45 years: HR = 6.41, 95% CI 3.65 to 11.3, p < 0.001; 45-64 years: HR = 6.66, 95% CI 3.98 to 11.2, p < 0.001). Furthermore, females with septicaemia and individuals with higher severity of septicaemia were associated with increased risks of developing NMSDS.ConclusionsOur results indicated that patients with septicaemia were likely to develop NMSDS. A possible contributing role of septicaemia in increasing the hazard of NMSDS is proposed, based on the outcome that individuals with higher severity of septicaemia carried elevated threat of encountering NMSDS.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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