• Postgrad Med J · Sep 2020

    Review Historical Article

    President John F Kennedy's medical history: coeliac disease and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2.

    • Donatella Macchia, Donatella Lippi, Raffaella Bianucci, and Simon Donell.
    • Allergology and Clinical Immunology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Firenze, Italy.
    • Postgrad Med J. 2020 Sep 1; 96 (1139): 543-549.

    AbstractPresident John F. Kennedy (JFK) had a complex medical history that is now thought to be an autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 with Addison's disease and hypothyroidism. He also had gastrointestinal symptoms from adolescence, which now fit well with coeliac disease. In addition, he had a chronic back problem, which contributed to a chronic pain syndrome. This review looks at JFK's various diseases and focusses on the history of coeliac disease, as well as its presentation. JFK's Irish ancestry supports the hypothesis of a coeliac disease started early in his youth.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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