African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Multicenter StudyEvaluation of antibiotic prescriptions and use in under-five children in Ibadan, SouthWestern Nigeria.
Irrational antibiotic prescriptions for children is a global concern requiring periodic evaluation and monitoring. ⋯ Antibiotic prescriptions for under-fives was largely based on symptoms indicative of bacterial infections, thereby corroborating the widespread empirical antibiotic prescribing. Considerable number of mothers engaged in self-recommendation of antibiotics for their under-fives. Thus, there is a need for continuous enlightenment of prescribers and mothers on rational use of antibiotics, while microbiological confirmation of clinical diagnosis is encouraged for evidence-based antibiotic prescribing.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Audit of insulin prescription patterns and associated burden among diabetics in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.
Insulin is one of the most important anti-diabetic agents in the management of diabetes even among type 2 diabetic. ⋯ The insulin adherence among diabetics in this study was high. Non-availability of insulin, insulin injection pain and being tired of continual insulin usage were some of the reasons for non-adherent to insulin usage.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Meta AnalysisAssociation of FokI, TaqI, BsmI and ApaI polymorphisms with diabetic retinopathy: a pooled analysis of case-control studies.
To assess synthetically the association between polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). ⋯ This meta-analysis of case-control studies revealed that the VDR-FokI polymorphism (F allele) decreased the risk of DR in Chinese people, among included studies without publication bias, during a comparison analysis between normal subjects and DR patients, and among articles published after 2010. Further rigorous and prospective studies with large sample size are needed to confirm our findings.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Meta AnalysisHMGA1 variant IVS5-13insC is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: an updated meta-analysis.
High-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) polymorphism has been suspected as a gene variant associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, conflicting outcomes have been reported. ⋯ This meta-analysis indicated that the HMGA1 variant IVS5-13insC can be a risk factor of T2D development, particularly among Caucasians. Significant risks were also found (Asian: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.86, P < 0.0001, Hispanic-American: OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.01, P < 0.0001) in non-Caucasian population. However, ethnical studies should be conducted to reveal whether the HMGA1 variant IVS5-13insC is associated with an increased risk of T2D.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialPASCAL laser platform produces less pain responses compared to conventional laser system during the panretinal photocoagulation: a randomized clinical trial.
Most of patients experience pain during the panretinal photocoagulation(PRP). Laser photocoagulation delivery has advanced with the introduction of pattern-scanning laser systems (PASCAL). Shorter pulse duration and less choroidal penetration believed to reduce pain during the laser treatment. ⋯ PASCAL laser significantly alleviates pain levels possibly due to the shorter laser pulse duration and lower intensity.