African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
E-Selectin and markers of HIV disease severity, inflammation and coagulation in HIV-infected treatment-naïve individuals.
E-selectin has been shown to play a role in atherosclerosis and to be increased in HIV-infected individuals due to chronic immune activation. There is a paucity of studies on E-selectin in HIV-infected treatment-naïve individuals. ⋯ E-selectin was a poor marker in this setting. There was no correlation with any of the markers of disease severity, inflammation and coagulation. E-selectin is most likely raised in an acute inflammatory setting, rather than chronic stage of HIV-infection. We recommend that other markers be utilized to identify patients at increased risk of CVD; as these were significantly increased untreated in individuals.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Knowledge, attitude, willingness of HIV counseling and testing and factors associated with it, among long distant drivers in Enugu, Nigeria: an opportunity in reduction of HIV prevalence.
Long distance truck drivers (LDTDs) have been one of the key forces in the spread of HIV/AIDS across the African continent. ⋯ A high number of LDTD had wrong knowledge of transmission route, better educational level did not affect incorrect knowledge of preventive measures, educational and marital statuses affected attitude to HCT, willingness to screen was high with marital status and educational level significantly associated with it. We recommend routine HCT at the work places of truck drivers to correct the anomalies discovered above.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Decomposing disparity in adult individual's mental health in Tehran among lower and higher economic groups; an Oaxaca- Blinder analysis on urban HEART Survey- round 2.
Mental health is one of the main aspects of social well-being. Tehran -capital of Iran- is metropolitan, where the mental health status of citizens is not prioritized effectively. ⋯ Thus, re-organizing strategies and plans on promoting the socio- economic status of non-Iranian residents, improving employment opportunities, developing well-designed environment for disabled individuals and supporting plans to reduce smoking is recommended to the urban policy makers.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
A comparative assessment of caries risk using cariogram among smokers and smokeless tobacco users in india - a cross-sectional study.
A dearth of literature exists concerning utilization of the unique cariogram model for caries risk assessment in tobacco users. ⋯ The study findings from the different cariogram elements converged to indicate that smokers were at maximum caries risk, followed by smokeless tobacco users and therefore Cariogram model could be a useful tool to represent caries risk among smokers and smokeless tobacco users.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Knowledge and perceptions on childhood asthma among care-takers of children with asthma at a National Referral Hospital in Western Kenya: a descriptive study.
Identifying knowledge gaps in asthma self-management and identifying existing myths is an important step in determining appropriate health education and demystifying the myths so as to enhance asthma control. ⋯ Most caregivers perceive syrups to be better despite having good basic knowledge on asthma. There is need to address asthma perceptions among caretakers in resource poor settings which is likely to improve control.