African health sciences
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from critically ill patients: clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility and outcome.
Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) is increasingly becoming a clinically relevant organism due to the rising number of associated nosocomial infections. The therapeutic options are extremely minimal because of its ability to develop resistance to all available antimicrobials, including colistin (CST). Data on the clinical and microbiological characteristics of colistin-resistant A. baumannii infections remain scarce to date. ⋯ There is an increase of colistin resistance among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii causing serious infections especially in critically ill patients.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of weight-adjusted dose versus fixed dose ondansetron in preventing shivering following spinal anaesthesia for caesarean deliveries.
Spinal anaesthesia is an effective regional anaesthesia technique, which is preferred in almost 86% of caesarean sections in the United States and United Kingdom. Eighty percent of caesarean sections done at the Aga Khan University hospital are under spinal anaesthesia. Shivering is a common complication of spinal anaesthesia, it occurs in 40%-64% of patients after neuraxial anaesthesia. Shivering may cause maternal and fetal hypoxemia, maternal discomfort and a problem to the anaesthesiologists when it comes to monitoring the patient during caesarean sections. Ondansetron a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist is effective in treatment and prevention of post-spinal anesthesia shivering. In published studies, use of a fixed dose in patients with different weights, masked the dose effect ondansetron in preventing shivering, such that not adjusting the dose according to the weight of patients' resulted in a higher occurrence of shivering. No study has compared different doses of ondansetron in preventing shivering in parturient women who have had spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. ⋯ This study, found that ondansetron weight adjusted dose at 0.1mg/kg, reduced the severity of shivering when compared to a fixed dose ondansetron at 4mg.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Meta AnalysisThe efficacy and safety of liraglutide in the obese, non-diabetic individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Liraglutide has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and lose weight in individuals with type 2 diabetes. To date, no meta-analysis of liraglutide's safety and efficacy in individuals without diabetes has been conducted. ⋯ This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that liraglutide to be an effective and safe treatment for weight loss in the obese, non-diabetic individuals.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Statistical models for longitudinal zero-inflated count data: application to seizure attacks.
Chronic non-communicable diseases:- such as epilepsy, are increasingly recognized as public health problems in developing and African countries. This study aimed at finding determinants of the number of epileptic seizure attacks using different count data modeling techniques. ⋯ This study suggests that zero-inflated negative binomial is the best model for predicting and describing the number of seizure attacks as well as identifying the potential risk factors. Addressing these risk factors will definitely contain the progression of seizure attack.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
The experience of women following caesarean section in a tertiary hospital in SouthEast Nigeria.
To explore maternal experience following caesarean section. ⋯ Majority of the women were satisfied with their caesarean section experience which is influenced by the hospital care and foetal outcome. Improvement in maternal caesarean section experience through quality health care is important in increasing uptake when indicated.