African health sciences
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
Meta AnalysisThe efficacy of dapagliflozin for type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.
The efficacy of dapagliflozin for type 1 diabetes remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the treatment efficacy of dapagliflozin versus placebo in patients with type 1 diabetes. ⋯ Dapagliflozin treatment benefits to reduce HbA1c and FPG for type 1 diabetes.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
Prevalence and factors associated with non-adherence to multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
In Uganda, 12% of previously treated TB cases and 1.6% of new cases have MDR-TB and require specialized treatment and care. Adherence is crucial for improving MDR-TB treatment outcomes. There is paucity of information on the extent to which these patients adhere to treatment and what the drivers of non-adherence are. ⋯ One in 10 MDR-TB patients treated at Mulago hospital is non-adherent to treatment. History of previous DRTB treatment was significantly associated with non-adherence in this study. MDR-TB program should strengthen adherence counselling, strengthen DST surveillance, and close monitoring for previously treated DR-TB patients.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
Distribution of phthisis bulbi and status of fellow eyes at a tertiary eye-care centre in Nigeria: a ten-year review.
Phthisis bulbi is an irreversible cause of visual loss with insufficient evidence about its aetiology and status of patients' fellow eyes. ⋯ The commonest cause of phthisis bulbi was trauma. Approximately nine out of ten patients had ocular morbidities in their fellow eye. A thorough follow-up of patients with phthisis bulbi is recommended.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
The impact of motherless paternity testing in a South African population.
Paternity investigations play an important role in determining biological relatedness, and in South Africa, the outcome of these investigations impacts medical, judicial and home affairs decisions. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis is utilised to perform paternity and kinship analysis, due to the polymorphic nature of STR loci. The cost associated with paternity testing is high, and there is a demand for motherless testing. ⋯ We would recommend that within our setup and within similar setups, the mother always be included for testing, except in extreme scenarios such as death. False inclusion of putative fathers could have serious legal implications for testing laboratories.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
Risk factors of multidrug-resistant bacteria in community-acquired urinary tract infections.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most seen infection among community. ⋯ Doctors should consider prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics in patients with severe UTIs with a history of UTI, advanced age, male gender, and multiple antibiotic usage, even if they have a CA-UTI.