African health sciences
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
Cytological physiognomies and genotype distribution of human papillomaviruses among HPV/HIV co-infected and HPV mono-infected women.
Co-infection of High Risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and HIV is thought to favour initiation of intraepithelial squamous cell lesion and subsequent progression to cervical carcinoma. ⋯ The predominance of HPV-16 and HPV-18/45 genotypes in the study setting is a consideration that would benefit targeted prophylactic vaccination programs. HPV testing and cervical cancer screening for young and older women on a regular basis ought to be reinforced.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
Associations of transcription factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) gene polymorphism in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population of Pakistan.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent component of metabolic syndrome. Environmental factors and various complex genes like transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have involved in the disease development. ⋯ It is concluded that the SNPs of the TCF7L2 gene are significantly associated with T2DM disease susceptibility in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
Review Case ReportsIsolated acute pseudobulbar palsy with infarction of artery of percheron: case report and literature review.
Pseudobulbar palsy (PBP) is characterized by supranuclear lesions in the corticobulbar pathway. Neoplasia, inflammatory, demyelinating, and stroke are possible etiologies of this disorder. ⋯ To the authors' knowledge, there are two cases of individuals with artery of Percheron infarction who developed PBP associated with other clinical syndromes. Still, isolated PBP following infarction of Percheron's artery was not reported. We hypothesized that the PBP may have occurred because of the existence of vascular territory variations in the perforating arteries that arise from the AOP.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
The impact of selenium administration on severe sepsis or septic shock: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
The efficacy of selenium administration to treat severe sepsis or septic shock remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impact of selenium administration on severe sepsis or septic shock. ⋯ Selenium administration results in notable decrease in all-cause mortality and length of hospital stay, but shows no substantial influence on the 28-day mortality, length of ICU stay, duration of vasopressor therapy, the incidence of acute renal failure, adverse events, and serious adverse events for septic patients.
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African health sciences · Mar 2021
What differs former, light and heavy smokers? Evidence from a post-conflict setting.
Evidence suggests that people who live in regions affected by the armed conflict are more likely to smoke. ⋯ Smoking prevention and cessation programs should include the entire community, because exposure to environmental second hand smoke may facilitate initiation and more intense smoking. Screening of student smokers for depression should be prioritized in the process of rebuilding the framework for primary and secondary prevention in the post-conflict period.