African health sciences
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of different cold application materials on pain during chest tube removal: three-arm randomized controlled clinical trial.
Chest tube causes severe pain during removal because it attaches to the endothelium in the chest cavity. ⋯ Despite entirely covering the area around the chest tube, the gel pad was more disadvantageous than ice pack in pain control due to the longer duration of cold application.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Ingestion of supplements and fortified food with iodine on the breast milk iodine concentration in deficiency areas: a systematic review.
The level of iodine in breast milk may be inadequate and compromise the health of this, both due to excess and lack, some population groups remain deficient because of the low consumption of iodate salt, because there is an increase in consumption of other sources of iodine, such as supplements and fortified foods. ⋯ Iodine ingestion through supplements or fortified foods results in improved iodine levels in breast milk.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Insecticide resistance of Dengue vectors in South East Asia: a systematic review.
The insecticides used widely has led to resistance in the vector and impose a challenge to vector control operation. ⋯ Rotation of insecticide, integration with synergist and routine assessment of resistance profile are recommended strategies in insecticide resistance management.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Adherence to oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda.
In Kampala Uganda, female sex workers (FSWs) have high HIV prevalence (33%). Oral PrEP is a novel HIV prevention intervention that offers hope to decrease HIV incidence in key populations especially among FSWs. Studies have shown that with poor adherence, oral PrEP has no efficacy, and therefore adherence to PrEP is critical among FSWs to maximize HIV prevention. However, implementation data on adherence to PrEP among FSWs is limited so this study sought to assess adherence to PrEP. Specifically, we sought to 1) determine the level of adherence to PrEP among FSWs, and 2) determine factors associated with PrEP adherence. ⋯ Barriers to PrEP adherence need to be addressed for successful PrEP implementation to improve adherence going forward. Service care providers should reinforce positive behaviors such as use of condoms devotedly during PrEP breaks.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of HIV-positive mothers regarding the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding at a regional hospital in the north east of Namibia.
In sub-Saharan Africa, over 1,000 newborns are infected with HIV every day, despite available medical interventions. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) remains one of the primary sources of HIV infection in children and without interventions 40% of babies born from HIV-positive mothers would be infected with the virus. It is estimated that 300 000 children become infected with HIV worldwide, whilst 1.5 million children die when their mothers opt for other choices instead of breastfeeding. ⋯ HIV positive mothers had good knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. A significant number of mothers were, however, not sure about breastfeeding exclusively for 6 months as they would stop if offered free formula milk for the baby. Support by the fathers and others in the community is vital.