African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Incidence of first attempt peripheral intravenous cannulation failure and its predictors among children admitted to Debre Tabor Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: institution based cross-sectional clinical study.
When the first piercing is failed to function, repeated puncturing imposes pain, complications, and delays the timeliness of pediatric care. In spite of the above challenges, incidence and predictors of first attempt peripheral intravenous cannulation failure are under-investigated in the study area and the nation at large. ⋯ Generally, self-payment funding, vein visibility with a tourniquet, forearm site, vein scope use, and child age of 24-59 months old were independent predictors of first attempt peripheral intravenous cannulation failure.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialHIV genotypic resistance among pregnant women initiating ART in Uganda: a baseline evaluation of participants in the Option B+ clinical trial.
Pre-treatment HIV drug resistance is a threat to elimination of mother to child HIV transmission and could lead to virological failure among HIV-positive pregnant women. We analysed genotypic HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) of baseline samples of participants enrolled in the Option B+ clinical trial in Uganda. ⋯ One quarter of the HIV-infected pregnant women in this trial at baseline had NNRTI genotypic resistance mutations. Our findings support new WHO guidelines for first-line ART that were changed to dolutegravir-based regimens.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Willingness-to-pay for a population-based-prostate-specific antigen screening for prostate cancer in Anambra State, Southeast, Nigeria: a contingent valuation study.
Early diagnosis of cancer precursors improves treatment outcomes. Organized screening for prostate cancer is still uncommon in Nigeria, and if it is added to the national health budget, it may necessitate additional co-financing alternatives. ⋯ The findings showed that men in Anambra state Nigerian were willing to pay an average of US$6.01 for the Population-based screening. Even though the stated WTP amount seems low compared to the conventional cost of opportunistic screening (between USD 21), the majority of the participants 439(81.9%) willing to pay for the screening should be capitalized upon in finding alternative financing options for the program.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
The effect of obesity on metabolic parameters: a cross sectional study in adult women.
In this study conducted in adult healthy women, it was aimed to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, waist/height ratio and blood parameters, which are used to define obesity. ⋯ It is understood that the increase in body fat tissue, especially in the abdominal region, in adult healthy women has negative effects on blood parameters and the risk of developing chronic diseases will decrease by preventing this situation.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
The evaluation of risk factors related to reduced bone mineral density in young people living with HIV.
Low bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the comorbidities that develop in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). ⋯ Performing bone demineralization screening in the naive and young patient group, independently from ART status prior to making the diagnosis of HIV is important for organizing the bone health improvement methods.