African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
The impact of systemic hypertension on outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients - a systematic review.
Several observational reports from different parts of the world have shown that systemic hypertension (hypertension) was the single commonest comorbid condition in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Hypertension is also the most prevalent comorbidity reported among patients who developed severe disease, were admitted to Intensive Care Unit, needed mechanical ventilatory support, or who died on admission. The objective of this systematic review is to study the association between hypertension and specific clinical outcomes of COVID-19 disease which are- development of severe COVID-19 disease, need for admission in the intensive care unit (ICU) or critical care unit (CCU), need for mechanical ventilation or death. ⋯ Hypertension affects the clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 disease in many cohorts. Prospective studies are needed to further understand this relationship.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Accidents exposing blood to the staff of a hospital and university establishment in Algeria: Assessment and risk factors.
Accidents exposing to blood AEB represent real public health problem in healthcare establishments. The objective of our study was to estimate the frequency of AEB As at our establishment as well as the risk factors that determine their occurrence. ⋯ A clear predominance of women was noted (79.2%) among the study population with a Sex ratio equal to 0.26. The average age was 27.7 ± 6.2 years.The frequency of exposure to AEB among hospital staff was 48.5%. Needlestick injuries were the most common accident (88.3%), followed by splashing blood or body fluids (51.7%), and cutting with a sharp object (10.0%).Among the risk factors significantly associated with the occurrence of AEB, we can cite the medical profession (OR = 3.94; p <0.001), the surgical specialty (OR = 3.3; p <0.01), the male sex (OR = 3.7; p <0.01). Likewise, risk of AEB increased significantly with age (p <0.01) and professional seniority (p <0.02).
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
High incidence of acute kidney injury among patients with major trauma at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda: risk factors and overall survival.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and life-threatening complication of major trauma. Recognition is often delayed and management is frequently sub-optimal. We determined the incidence, risk factors and immediate outcomes of AKI in patients with major trauma at Mulago National Referral Hospital. ⋯ There was a high incidence of AKI among patients with major trauma. Efforts to reduce morbidity and mortality should be prioritized.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Incidence of first attempt peripheral intravenous cannulation failure and its predictors among children admitted to Debre Tabor Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: institution based cross-sectional clinical study.
When the first piercing is failed to function, repeated puncturing imposes pain, complications, and delays the timeliness of pediatric care. In spite of the above challenges, incidence and predictors of first attempt peripheral intravenous cannulation failure are under-investigated in the study area and the nation at large. ⋯ Generally, self-payment funding, vein visibility with a tourniquet, forearm site, vein scope use, and child age of 24-59 months old were independent predictors of first attempt peripheral intravenous cannulation failure.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Willingness-to-pay for a population-based-prostate-specific antigen screening for prostate cancer in Anambra State, Southeast, Nigeria: a contingent valuation study.
Early diagnosis of cancer precursors improves treatment outcomes. Organized screening for prostate cancer is still uncommon in Nigeria, and if it is added to the national health budget, it may necessitate additional co-financing alternatives. ⋯ The findings showed that men in Anambra state Nigerian were willing to pay an average of US$6.01 for the Population-based screening. Even though the stated WTP amount seems low compared to the conventional cost of opportunistic screening (between USD 21), the majority of the participants 439(81.9%) willing to pay for the screening should be capitalized upon in finding alternative financing options for the program.