African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Bacteriological profile of wound infections and antimicrobial resistance in selected gram-negative bacteria.
Managing wound infections is a challenging task. Understanding their resistance pattern is an essential step at reducing its burden in hospital settings. ⋯ The majority of wound infections are caused by multidrug-, extensively drug- and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Further studies should focus on the molecular basis of this resistance.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
A national survey of oral maxillofacial surgeons' and trainees' awareness and practice regarding psychological problems associated with facial trauma.
The psychological problems associated with facial trauma may sometimes pose additional health concerns for the injured patient. Understanding the gaps in the Oral and Maxillofacial surgeons' (OMFS) awareness of patient in need of specialist mental health intervention is important in ensuring holistic care for the trauma patient. ⋯ Nigerian Oral and maxillofacial surgeons frequently encounter psychological problems in patients with traumatic facial injuries. Notwithstanding their perceived self-assessed low level of competence in psychological assessment of trauma patients, objective assessment revealed a relatively high level of knowledge of psychological problems that can affect the facial trauma patient with many indicating a high perceived need for additional training in the psychological assessment of facial trauma patient. There is a need for incorporating psychological assessment into the management to ensure holistic care of trauma patients.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Predictors of alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults in Lusaka, Zambia.
Alcohol consumption among young people in schools and communities presents a major problem of public health concern. We determined the predictors of alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults in Lusaka, Zambia. ⋯ Alcohol consumption was highly prevalent among young adults aged 20-24 years. There is need for continuous sensitization on substance abuse and its adverse effects in schools and communities at large. The strengthening, reviewing and amendment of the alcohol regulatory measures and policies should be considered.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
High burden of pulmonary tuberculosis and missed opportunity to initiate treatment among children in Kampala, Uganda.
There is uncertainty about the actual burden of childhood TB in Uganda, but underestimation is acknowledged. We aimed at determining prevalence, factors associated with PTB among children attending PHC facilities in Kampala. ⋯ Clinical TB among children is underdiagnosed and undertreated. There is a need for more sensitive and specific diagnostic tests, need ways to disseminate and promote uptake of standardized clinical algorithms. Also, contact TB tracing should be strengthened so that such cases can be actively detected even at community level.
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African health sciences · Dec 2022
Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasmosis among HIV infected women of child-bearing age attending care and treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected women of child-bearing age (HIV-WCB) increases the risk for congenital toxoplasmosis, leading to many complications. However, its magnitude is unknown in this population. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with toxoplasmosis among HIV-WCB. ⋯ A high number of HIV-WCB have not developed immunity to T. gondii in the study area. Introduction of routine screening during antenatal visits for pregnant women and further epidemiological studies are warranted in the country.