African health sciences
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African health sciences · Jun 2023
Aflatoxin exposure in a population of HIV patients at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma North-Central, Nigeria.
Aflatoxin B1causes damage to the DNA by the alkylation of bases and P53 mutation. Exposure to this mycotoxin is associated with the development of liver cancer. Measures to reduce grain and cereal contamination have been a focus however, the effects of these measures are still lagging behind and exposure continues to occur even in populations at risk of developing liver cancer. ⋯ There is high prevalence of aflatoxin B1 exposure in this population. Concerted efforts must be put in place to mitigate exposure because of the potential effects of short- and long-term exposure to aflatoxin.
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African health sciences · Jun 2023
Using artificial intelligence on dermatology conditions in Uganda: a case for diversity in training data sets for machine learning.
In pursuit of applying universal non-biased Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, it is essential that data from different geographies are represented. ⋯ There is need for diversity of image datasets used to train dermatology algorithms for AI applications to increase accuracy across skin types and geographies.
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African health sciences · Jun 2023
Prediction of recurrence of early gastric carcinoma after endoscopic submucosal dissection.
The aim of this retrospective study was to predict the post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) recurrence risk of early gastric carcinoma (EGC) using a nomogram model, and to provide valuable evidence for preventing the recurrence. ⋯ Positive lymph nodes and HP infection are closely correlated with the recurrence risk after ESD in EGC patients. The established model is a quantitative tool for predicting recurrence to improve the prognosis.
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African health sciences · Jun 2023
Case ReportsIrrational use of antibiotics without a clinical diagnosis: a short case report.
Antibiotics are often started irrationally and continued injudiciously worldwide without a clinical diagnosis. Antibiotic prescription practises are governed by multiple factors like lack of diagnostic facilities, secondary infections, poor sanitary conditions, easy availability, pharmaceutical companies' marketing strategies and patients seeking the fastest cure from healthcare providers. We report a case of a 40-year-old male who was treated intermittently with multiple antibiotics for 3 months without being clinically diagnosed. The patient continued having episodes of fever with brief periods of remission. The occurrence of recurrent episodes of transient ischemic attacks alarmed him, and he was brought to a tertiary hospital, where a diagnosis of culture-negative Infective Endocarditis (IE) was made. He underwent successful high-risk double valve replacement and was discharged from the hospital in satisfactory condition. ⋯ Antibiotics should be started judiciously with a proper clinical indication and should be reviewed from time to time regarding selection, duration, and response. In the case of non-responders, a thorough clinical examination followed by relevant investigations should be done for a proper clinical diagnosis.
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African health sciences · Jun 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of whole course seamless nursing mode on patients with chronic infectious wounds.
Chronic infectious wounds seriously affect patients' quality of life. ⋯ For patients with chronic infectious wounds, whole course seamless nursing effectively relieves wound pain, facilitates wound healing, improves comfort, psychological state and sleep status, and makes them more satisfied.