African health sciences
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African health sciences · Jun 2022
ReviewWhy mothers die at a busy tertiary urban hospital in Kampala, Uganda: a comprehensive review of maternal deaths 2016-2018 and implications for quality improvement to reduce deaths.
Reviewing maternal deaths and drawing out lessons for clinical practice is part of an effective cohesive intervention strategy to reduce future deaths. ⋯ A high proportion (84%) of deaths were preventable. Significant delays to care occurred within health-care facilities. Results suggest that a well-supported, and timely maternal death review process with targeted and pragmatic interventions might be effective in reducing maternal deaths in this setting.
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African health sciences · Jun 2022
Incidence and predictors of loss to follow-up among adult HIV-infected patients taking antiretroviral therapy at North Shewa zone public Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.
Patients who are lost to follow-up while on treatment compromise their own health and the long-term success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs. Besides, loss to follow-up (LTFU) increases HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence of LTFU and its predictors among adult HIV positive patients on anti-retroviral therapy at North Shoa zone public hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia. ⋯ The current study showed that the incidence rate of loss to ART follow-up was high. Body mass index score less than 18kg/m2, advanced WHO clinical stage, CD4<200cell/mm3, had comorbidity disease, and cotrimoxazole therapy were a significant predictors of lost to ART follow up. Therefore, appropriate mitigation measures in the at-risk group need to be instigated to advance retention rate.
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African health sciences · Jun 2022
Prevalence of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis patients In Enugu, Nigeria.
We determined the prevalence of rifampicin resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Enugu Nigeria. ⋯ The prevalence of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Enugu was high. Rifampicin resistance in treatment naive (new) patients was also high. This study therefore highlights that active transmission of Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among young males could be on-going.
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African health sciences · Jun 2022
Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: community based cross-sectional study.
Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the leading causes of liver diseases which occurs worldwide particularly in developing countries. It is often caused by prenatal transmission from mother to child or household transmission from a close contact during early childhood. It causes different complications like; jaundice, induces premature labor, and prematurity. ⋯ The sero-prevalence of HBV infection among women of reproductive age was highly endemic. Hence, behavioral education and communication programs focusing on reduction of risky sexual behaviors should be designed to reduce HBV infection.
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African health sciences · Jun 2022
ReviewIntravenous cannulation and administration of contrast media by radiographers: a literature review to guide the training and practice in Zambia.
There has been a demand for radiographers in Zambia to perform intravenous (IV) cannulation and administration of contrast media, a role which, traditionally, was radiologists'. This demand is due to a shortage of radiologists and an increase in demand for imaging examinations. This review aimed at synthesising relevant literature related to IV cannulation and administration of contrast media by radiographers to guide the training and practice in Zambia. ⋯ The themes identified in this review could provide a template of where to base the establishment of the training programme and local guidelines. Before extending the role of radiographers, the scope of practice should be extended, and accredited training programme and local guidelines should be put in place.