African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of removal of AuraOnce™ laryngeal mask in awake or deep anaesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.
The manufacturer Ambu® recommends that the AuraOnce™ laryngeal mask be removed once the patient is fully awake. Studies have shown benefit in removal of the laryngeal mask airway while a patient is deeply anaesthetized. Current evidence is inconclusive, as to which approach is preferable and safer in adults. ⋯ The removal of the AuraOnce™ laryngeal mask while the patient is still deeply anaesthetised is not as safe as or safer than awake removal.
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African health sciences · Dec 2019
The diagnostic accuracy of routine clinical findings for detection of esophageal varices in rural sub-Saharan Africa where schistosomiasis is endemic.
Variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is common in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, poor access to endoscopy services precludes the diagnosis of varices. ⋯ The diagnostic accuracy of routine clinical findings for detection of esophageal varices in rural sub-Saharan Africa where schistosomiasis is endemic.
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African health sciences · Dec 2019
Psychometric validity of the distress thermometer and problem check list in ART-naïve HIV infected patients in Northern Nigeria.
HIV diagnosis comes with a lot of worry and distress. Ability to objectively estimate this distress by non-psychiatrist will enhance early detection of psychological distress for intervention. ⋯ The DT and Problem List were found to be valid measures of distress in ART-naïve HIV infected patients.
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African health sciences · Dec 2019
Comparative StudyImpact of parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension on birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery of their babies.
Maternal factors are determinants of birth outcome which includes birth weight, haematological indices and mode of delivery of their babies. ⋯ Parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension have no impact on birth weight and red cells when compared with their non-hypertensive counterparts. However, mothers of babies delivered by elective and emergency caesarean section were about 2-3 times more likely to be hypertensive than those that delivered through spontaneous vertex delivery.
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African health sciences · Dec 2019
Evaluation of the level of awareness of congenital toxoplasmosis and associated practices among pregnant women and health workers in Tanzania's Temeke district in Dar es Salaam.
Toxoplasmosis caused by the obligate intracellular coccidian protozoan Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infects all warm-blooded animals including humans. This parasite may develop in both immune-compromised and immunocompetent hosts but usually the disease manifestations strongly differ according to immune status. Immunocompromised hosts develop more severe disease than immunocompetent hosts. Infections in pregnancy carry the risk of foetal involvement and can lead to serious clinical outcomes including psychomotor and ocular disorders in congenitally infected foetuses and children. ⋯ Due to general lack of awareness towards toxoplasmosis observed among both health workers and pregnant women in Temeke Municipality, we recommend health policy on maternal and child healthcare to address prenatal screening that is aimed at providing early diagnosis for any possible congenital toxoplasmosis as well as diseases that are currently screened in Tanzania such as HIV, syphilis and malaria. Integrating a One Health approach in educating medical professionals and the vulnerable population of pregnant women on the importance of congenital zoonoses will promote awareness and preventive practices towards the disease.